Traceable sources, clearly stated limitations.

Feature on 100 large banks in Europe and the Americas

Selects 50 research subjects in Europe and 50 in the Americas using public major-bank rankings and regulatory information from 2025/2026. Total assets and Tier One capital measures are not conflated, and no unified real-time top 100 ranking is claimed. Each bank's information separately lists the bank entity handling applications, account opening requirements, local compliance sources, retrieval dates, and matters not publicly disclosed or not confirmed. Group rankings and local operating entities are distinct concepts; policy, wholesale or institutional banks cannot be presumed to offer personal accounts.

Hong Kong · Sources

HKMA register of licensed banks: 147 banks; as of 2026-09-30.

1. HKMA official bank contact directory (as of 2026 year 9 month 30, including bank websites and service sections)
2. HKMA list of licensed banks (as of 2026 year 9 month 30)
3. HKMA online register of authorized institutions and local representative offices (updated 2026 year 10 month 6)
4. HKMA Practical Information on Opening and Maintaining Bank Accounts
5. HKMA overview of Hong Kong’s three-tier banking system
6. HKMA Guideline on Anti-Money Laundering and Counter-Financing of Terrorism
7. Hong Kong Inland Revenue Department Guide to Automatic Exchange of Information Self-Certification
8. HSBC Hong Kong personal international customer account-opening information
9. HSBC Hong Kong business integrated account remote account-opening information
10. HSBC Hong Kong business mobile account-opening information
11. BOCHK SME in One Remote Business Account Opening Service Information
12. HKMA overview of digital bank regulation
13. HKMA register of stored value facility licensees
14. Hong Kong Deposit Protection Board: Deposit Protection Coverage
15. HKMA bank account opening and service contact directory (retail banks, digital banks and some non-retail banks)
16. HKMA institution register record (current name) for ELE BANK LIMITED
17. HKMA consumer information page: Opening and Maintaining Bank Accounts
18. HKMA ELE BANK LIMITED annual report for 2025 (historical name: Airstar Bank Limited)

United States · Sources

FDIC-insured depository institutions: 4,217; API snapshot 2026-10-23. This is not a directory of all financial service providers.

1. FDIC BankFind Suite Institutions API — ACTIVE:1 snapshot
2. FDIC BankFind Suite Financials API — 2026-06-30 report date
3. FDIC BankFind Suite: Find Insured Banks
4. FDIC BankFind Suite API Documentation
5. FinCEN CDD Rule FAQs (updated May 6, 2026)
6. Chase: What do you need to open a bank account?
7. Chase: Get ready to open your business checking account
8. Chase: How to open a business checking account
9. Bank of America: Banking essentials for professionals in the U.S.
10. IRS: About Form W-9
11. IRS: About Form W-8 BEN
12. IRS: About Form W-8 BEN-E
13. FDIC: Customer Identification Program Rule Exemption from Collecting Taxpayer Identification Number Information from Customers

Singapore · Sources

Complete MAS Banking bank licence categories: 152 banking entities, with a further 27 representative offices listed separately; as of 2026-10-26.

1. MAS Financial Institutions Directory — Local Bank
2. MAS Financial Institutions Directory — Full Bank
3. MAS Financial Institutions Directory — Qualifying Full Bank
4. GoBusiness Singapore — Open a corporate bank account
5. DBS Singapore — Documents required for account opening
6. DBS — Account Opening Application Form and Document Checklist for Companies with Foreign Components, v06.2026
7. HSBC Singapore — Digital Account Opening FAQ
8. IRAS — Basic information for account holders of financial institutions under CRS/FATCA
9. MAS Notice 626 — Prevention of Money Laundering and Countering the Financing of Terrorism for Banks
10. MAS — Types of Deposit-Taking Institutions
11. Singapore Deposit Insurance Corporation — Deposit Insurance Scheme FAQs
12. Singapore Deposit Insurance Corporation — List of DI Scheme Members
13. MAS — Licensing for Payment Service Providers
14. MAS Financial Institutions Directory — Banking directory
15. MAS Financial Institutions Directory — Banking print/download list

Macau · Sources

10 sample institutions have been verified; refer to the live AMCM directory for the complete register.

1. Institutions List — Monetary Authority of Macao
2. Savings Account — Bank of China Macau
3. Current Account — Bank of China Macau
4. Personal Account FAQ — ICBC Macau
5. Notice of Identifying Your Tax Jurisdictions — Bank of China Macau
6. Industry Guidance on AML/CFT Controls — Remote On-boarding of Customers, Circular No. 004/B/2021-DSB/AMCM
7. Anti-Money Laundering and CFT Laws and Guidance — Financial Intelligence Office, Macao SAR
8. SME Banking Service — ICBC Macau
9. Financial Investment Services Account — Bank of China Macau
10. Personal E-Banking Overview — ICBC Macau
11. Other Financial Institutions — Monetary Authority of Macao
12. Member Banks — The Macau Association of Banks

United Kingdom · Sources

9 sample institutions have been verified; refer to the live PRA/FCA directory for the complete register.

1. Bank of England: Which firms the PRA regulates (including the list of regulated banks)
2. FCA: Financial Services Register
3. Bank of England: List of UK banking institutions (updated monthly)
4. GOV.UK/HMRC: automatic exchange of information for account holders and tax residency information
5. Section 28 of the UK Money Laundering Regulations 2017: Customer due diligence
6. FCA Handbook: definitions of source of funds and source of wealth
7. Barclays: Which identity documents are required to open an account in a branch?
8. Lloyds: How to open a personal bank account
9. Lloyds: Current account information for customers new to the UK
10. NatWest: What you need to open a personal account
11. HSBC UK: Small Business Banking
12. Lloyds: Business bank accounts and application requirements
13. NatWest: Business bank accounts
14. GOV.UK/Companies House: guidance on persons with significant control (PSC)
15. FSCS: Deposit protection for banks, building societies, and credit unions
16. Barclays: How to make an appointment and the scope of appointment services
17. Monzo: UK personal and business accounts
18. Starling Bank: account and deposit protection information
19. Santander UK: announcement of the completion of the acquisition of TSB, 2026-5-1
20. Metro Bank: Official personal and business banking homepage

Switzerland · Sources

10 sample institutions have been verified; refer to the live FINMA directory for the complete register.

1. FINMA: Search for authorized institutions, individuals and products
2. FINMA: List of authorized banks and securities firms (PDF)
3. FINMA: Anti-money laundering supervision and due diligence requirements
4. UBS: Account-opening process and documents for customers relocating to Switzerland
5. PostFinance: CHF Personal Account, Residency Eligibility, and Identity Verification Methods
6. PostFinance: CHF Business Account Eligibility and Application Process for New Customers
7. UBS: Company Formation and key4 business account portal
8. Swiss Federal Tax Administration: Automatic Exchange of Information in Tax Matters (AEOI)
9. esisuisse: Swiss depositor protection and deposit insurance
10. FINMA: Information on the warning list of unauthorized service providers

Australia · Sources

16 sample institutions have been verified; refer to the live APRA register for the complete list.

1. APRA - List of registered authorised deposit-taking institutions (updated 2026-08-10)
2. APRA - List of authorised deposit-taking institutions covered under the Financial Claims Scheme (list updated 2026-10-09)
3. APRA - Banking
4. AUSTRAC - Customer identification and verification
5. AUSTRAC - Source of funds and source of wealth
6. ATO - Obtaining valid self-certifications for all new accounts
7. CommBank - Migrant banking
8. CommBank - Business Transaction Account
9. CommBank - Australian domestic proprietary company checklist
10. ANZ - Migrant banking
11. ANZ - Open a bank account online
12. NAB - How to open a business bank account
13. NAB - Australian companies checklist

Reference ranking of major banks worldwide by assets

The 2026 S&P article is based mainly on total assets reported at year-end 2025. The site’s complete table of 100 entries uses a publicly available secondary transcription; the years cited in the transcription differ from the table header, so the full ranking requires item-by-item verification against the original S&P data. It cannot be described as a real-time ranking certified by this website.

Identification & Contact Information

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